Waste management options
The main waste management options are:
Recycling – the recovery of materials from
products after they have been used by consumers.
Composting – an aerobic, biological process of
degradation of biodegradable organic matter
Sewage treatment – a process of treating raw sewage to
produce a non-toxic liquid effluent, which is discharged into the sea, reused
for irrigational purposes, or formation of a semi-solid sludge which is used as
a soil amendment on land, incinerated or disposed of in land fill.
Incineration – a process of combustion designed to
recover energy and reduce the volume of waste for disposal.
Landfill – the deposition of waste in a
specially designated area, which in modern sites consists of a pre-constructed
‘cell’ lined with an impermeable layer (man-made or natural) that has controls
to minimize emissions.
Other technologies are emerging to
treat wastes through risk reduction methodologies which result in products
appropriate for disposal to landfill or for other uses.
Consideration of each of these options
should be given when developing waste management plans for waste streams.
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